//Steve Rhoades
//Sample Code
//Art Institute of Seattle
//SimpleMath

package{
	
	import flash.display.*;
	
	public class SimpleMath extends MovieClip{
		
		public function SimpleMath(){
			
			var x:int = 9;
			var y:int = -2;
			var z:int = 7;
			var answer:int;
			
			/**
			 *We can perform basic math functions in Actionscript.
			 *Since we want to print out the solutions, we can do it right within the trace call.
			 */
			trace(x + y);  //addition
			trace(x - z);  //subtraction
			trace(z * y);  //multiplication
			
			/**
			 *Division works differently when programming than newbs might expect.  Actionscript has it work
			 *differently than many people coming from other languages might expect as well
			 */
			
			//here, despite the fact that we are dividing using integers, we don't do integer math
			//so the result includes the fractional value
			trace(x / z);
			//but HERE, we are saving the result to an integer.  So we use integer math.  That is, any 
			//fractional information is competely discarded when it is stored in the answer variable
			answer = x / z;
			trace(answer);
			
			//side note, that of course if you use Numbers, you can't do integer division
			
			//the modulus operator here is the final part of the division puzzle.  When performing integer math
			//there is the concept of the "remainder".  The math equation below (x modulus z) works like this:
			//when dividing x by z, what is the remainder?
			trace(x % z)
			
			/**
			 *The Math functions
			 *
			 *Actionscript also features a number of built in Math functions.  I know, we haven't really
			 *discussed functions yet, but bear with me.  Some examples of the most useful are below.  
			 */
			trace("starting the functions");
			var chance:Number;
				
			//sets chance to a (pseudo)random Number between 0 and 1
			chance = Math.random();
			trace(chance);
			
			//rounds off the fractional part of the number, creating an integer
			chance = Math.floor(chance);
			trace(chance)

			//Math.ceil works like floor, but goes up.  Math.round follows normal rounding rules
			//I leave it as an exercise for you to use them.
			
			
			//This all becomes quite useful if you want to generate a random number, as you often do in games
			//here's code to generate a random INTEGER between 3 and 18 (where did that range come from?)
			chance = Math.floor(Math.random() * 16) + 3;
			
			//here's how the above works:
			//Math.floor(Math.random() * RANGE) + OFFSET
			//range represents the difference between the largest possible number and the smallest
			//offset represents the difference between the smallest possible number and 0
			//What's the equation for a random integer [1, 20]
			//[-100, 100]
			//[2, 12]
			
			
			trace(chance);
		}
		
	}	
}